Changes in the structure of genomic DNA of human mononuclear blood cells in the acute period of ischemic stroke

Objective. Evaluation of changes in the spectral analysis of the genomic DNA of mononuclear cells in patients with varying degrees of severity of central nervous system disorders in ischemic stroke. Material and methods. The object of the study was peripheral venous blood of healthy people and patients with ischemic stroke. We took the blood samples on the first day of the disease with patients’ informed consents and evaluated the degree of central nervous system dysfunction according to the NIHSS scale criteria (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale – NIH Stroke Scale) with a comparison of the acute cerebral ischemia focus size recorded by multispiral computed tomography (MSCT). Mononuclear cells isolation from fresh peripheral blood. They were the source for DNA sample. We recorded Fourier IR spectra of DNA samples with the IRPrestige-21 SHIMADZU spectrometer (Japan) in the range of 400–4000 cm-1 . Results. We used the Fourier method of IR spectroscopy. It showed that patients with ischemic stroke have changes in the IR spectra of genomic DNA at frequencies caused by valence fluctuations of primary amines (3400 cm-1), secondary amines and involved in hydrogen bond hydroxyls (3100 cm-1), CH2 groups of sugar-phosphates (2900 cm-1), fluctuations of vibrational bonds between nitrogenous bases and sugars (1400 cm-1). In severe ischemic stroke, the detected changes in the IR spectra of DNA were maximum. Conclusion. In patients with ischemic stroke, the IR spectra of genomic DNA include significant changes, which indicate damage to genomic DNA as a possible mechanism of changes in the activity of genetic processes, in particular transcription, which determines the formation of a pathological phenotype of cells. The nature and intensity of these changes depend on the severity of the disease, which determines the possibility of using them as additional biomarkers of the severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke. Key words: ischemic stroke, oxidative stress, genomic DNA, mononuclear cells, IR spectroscopy Conflicts of interest. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Funding. There was no funding for this studyy