Put V.A., Anisimov D.V., Tarba I.I., Arishkova V.V. Use of radioprotectors in dental rehabilitationof patients with a history of cancer in remission for more than 6 months. Head and neck. Russian Journal.2025;13(1):38–45
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25792/HN.2025.13.1.32-37
The use of non-conventional dose fractionation regimens, the use of various radiation modifiers, primarily radiationsensitizers for hypoxic cells, as well as radiation protectors, as well as the search for effective combinations ofradiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) represent promising directions for solving the problems associatedwith cancer treatment. The planning of post-oncologic dental rehabilitation using dental implants is determinedby the RT timing, localization, dose, and technique. Tissue transplantation procedures with vascularized or non-vascularized flaps are often required as well. We present our experience of using radioprotective properties of thelow-toxic substances of biological origin based on the sodium alginate hydrogel radioprotector with Derinat andlidocaine at different stages of dental rehabilitation.
Purpose of the study. To improve the methods of restoration of masticatory function in patients who had previouslyreceived LT and CT using the methods of dental implantation with immediate loading and application of radioprotectorsbased on sodium deoxyribonucleate (Coletex-Gel-DNA-L).
Material and methods. The study included two groups of patients. Both groups were assessed according tothe classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASAIII classification). The main group included 61patients, in whom the preparations Coletex-gel-DNA and Coletex-gel-DNA-L were applied superficially during radiationtreatment. The control group included 77 patients, for whom the classical method was used for the prevention andtreatment of post-radiation reactions of the oral mucosa, which is application of seed oils (olive, sunflower). Basedon the oral cavity examination, the following data were recorded: type of occlusion, number of teeth, dental cariousand non-carious lesions. The patients received 175 dental implants, which finally supported 24 bar constructionsin the 1st group of patients and single and bridge constructions in the 2nd group of patients. At the initial stage ofthe study, an assessment of the stability of dental implants in bone tissue and an assessment of the condition ofsoft tissues were carried out.
Conclusion. No allergic reactions were detected in any of the patients when using Coletex-gel-DNA and Coletex-gel-DNA-L. After the observation period of 12±2 months, the survival rates of implants in patients of the main andcontrol groups were calculated. The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of Coletex-gel-DNA and Coletex-gel-DNA-L for the prevention and treatment of post-radiation reactions of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa in patientswith malignant neoplasms of the oropharyngeal area. In this regard, this medication can be recommended for useas an adjunctive treatment during radiation, chemoradiation, and combined therapy. The introduction of an algorithmfor complex restoration of mastication in patients with a history of cancer in the practice of dentists was created.The opportunity was realized to reduce the side effects and improve the recovery process.
Keywords: one-stage implantation, radioprotector, bone tissue, tissue transplantation, intraoperative prosthetics,intraoperative implant positioning, bar system