Romanchishen A.F., Gostimsky A.V., Matveeva Z.S., Karpatsky I.V., Vabalyte K.V., Serikov A.A. Malignant neoplasms of the parathyroid glands. Head and neck. Russian Journal. 2021;9(3):8–14 (In Russian).
The authors are responsible for the originality of the data presented and the possibility of publishing illustrative material – tables, figures, photographs of patients.
Aim of the study. The aim of the work was to study the clinical course of parathyroid cancer and results of its surgical treatment.
Material and methods. Parathyroid cancer was detected in 5 (2.0%) of 232 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent surgery from 2011 to 2019. The study included 3 men and 2 women from 29 to 72 years old. All the patients were tested for serum calcium and phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Results and discussion. The short history of the disease was noted – from several months to 1 year. The course of the disease was complicated by pathological fractures in 3 patients. “Brown tumor” of the humerus was confirmed in 1 patient. Osteoporosis and foci of bone destruction were noted in all cases. Urolithiasis was detected in all the patients, both kidneys were affected in 3 cases. A significant decrease in renal function was detected in 2 cases. Parathormone exceeded the normal limit by 6–100 times. Blood calcium was increased from 3.09 to 3.9 mmol/L in 4 cases. Normal serum calcium level was observed in 1 patient. Features of the clinical course included rapid progression with severe bone and kidney damage, high hyperparathyrinemia and hypercalcemia, risk of hypercalcemic crisis. Palpable neck tumor was detected in 2 cases. Methods of topical diagnostics did not suspect cancer. Invasive growth was detected in 2 patients during surgery. Radical operations were performed in 3 cases. Postoperative period was characterized by a sharp decrease in the levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone not accompanied by manifestations of hypocalcemia. An improvement in the performance of the patients was noted in all cases, with restoration of motor activity to the previous level in 4 cases. One patient died from cancer progression and electrolyte disorders.
Conclusions. Surgical treatment of parathyroid cancer has significantly improved quality of life of the patients.
Key words: hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, parathyroid hormone, parathyroid cancer Conflicts of interest. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Funding. There was no funding for this study.